The operations a message costs = size units × (one publish + one per delivery). A size unit is every 16 KiB, rounded up, so anything under 16 KiB still counts as one. A delivery is the platform sending it out to one subscriber once: written to an SSE or WebSocket connection, returned by a long-poll fetch, or successfully delivered to a webhook. History queries and management calls are not counted.
Example: a 40 KiB message sent to 3 subscribers is 3 size units × (1 publish + 3 deliveries) = 12 operations.
The included quota is counted per period: it resets on the 1st of each month (UTC), and changing plan opens a new period that day, at most once per calendar month. Message counts and delivery counts are shown separately in the panel, but they are not the billing unit and cannot be converted into one another.